Cults & Religions

Denomination which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation.

1 See below the discernment on King Henry VIII, who founded the Church of England.

2 Attending the Eucharist at a broad-church parish nowadays is likely to be similar in many respects to a contemporary Roman Catholic Mass. [1] [2]

3 Some Anglicans recite the Rosary and Angelus, are involved in a devotional society dedicated to 'Our Lady' (the Blessed Virgin Mary) and seek the intercession of the saints. [1]

4 Widespread support by dozens of Church of England bishops to allow clergy same-s*x civil marriages. Many of the clergy are practicing homos**uals, and many are connoisseurs of child p*rn. [1] [2]

5 An Anglican service will include readings from the Bible and some passages from the Apocrypha. [1]

6 Anglo-Catholic practices, particularly liturgical ones, have become more common within the tradition over the last century. In 1974 the Church of England and English Roman Catholics, Baptists, United Reformed, and Methodists agreed to form a national commission for discussions of the possibility of practical reunion. [1] [2] 

7 They teach 'Apostolic Succession', but have big gaps in their records. [1]

8 The Anglican church is heavily involved in the Ecumenical Movement and was an  active part of the Ecumencial Prayer Movement in the early 19th century. [1] [2]

9 Pentecostalism, which is a highly problematic cult, directly emerged from-, and would certainly not exist without the Anglican church. The first Pentecostal church was the Catholic Apostolic Church in Albury & London which included mainly Anglicans clerics and leity, and used Anglican rites and liturgy. The Anglican John Bate Cardale was their first ordained 'apostle'. [1] [2] [see discernment on Pentecostalism below]

King Henry VIII, (1491-1547 AD; Founder of the Anglican Church)

1 He was awarded the title Defender of the Faith by Pope Leo X for his written attacks against Luther. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

2 He was a devout Catholic, who only founded his own -thankfully slightly less Catholic- church because the Pope excommunicated him after not having approved his divorce and remarriage. [1] [2]

3 He had 6 marriages (1-Catherine of Aragon, 2-Anne Boleyn, 3-Jane Seymour, 4-Anne of Cleves, 5-Catherine Howard although betrothed to another man, 6-Catherine Parr) and several adulterous long-term relationships. [1]

4 He had executed approx. 2.6% of the population of England (between 57,000 to 72,000 executions). [1]

5 He executed two of his wives. He ordered an expert swordsman from France to come kill his second wife Anne Boleyn. Within 24 hours of her death, he was betrothed to his third wife. [1]

6 Extreme gluttony, he weighed 180 kg when he died. [1]

A major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of religious practice set down by Augustine and more fully developed by John Calvin.

1 Calvinism was preceded by, and primarily inspired by Augustinianism (Calvin quoted Augustine 4119 times in his works), which on the other hand was an (in)direct product of Manichaeism, an outmost evil sect, known back then as the pinnacle of Gnosticism (see below for details). 

Augustine 'converted' after 9-10 years from Manichaeism to Christianity, but only under enormous pressure, precisely after the Roman emperor Theodosius had issued a decree of death for all Manichaean monks and shortly before he declared Christianity to be the only legitimate religion for the Roman Empire. Augustine officially renounced Manichaeism, only to return years later to some of its teachings. It is not surprising that the Scriptures used by Manicheans are the very same ones used by Calvinists. [1] [2] [3] [4]

2 Even the 'notable' Calvinistic scholar and historian, Loraine Boettner, admitted, "This cardinal truth [Calvinism] of Christianity was first clearly seen by Augustine."

Talbot & Crampton wrote "The system of doctrine which bears the name of John Calvin was in no way originated by him ..." B. B. Warfield declared, "The system of doctrine taught by Calvin is just the Augustinianism common to the whole body of the Reformers."

For the first ~400 years of Christianity, its teachers, preachers, apostles, evangelists and theologians taught 'historic traditionalism' without a deterministic theology. Borrowing from Manichaeism, Augustine brought strong determinism and their terminology of the 'elect' into the church. [1] [2] [3] [4]

3 Manipulation of Scripture in order to justify their theology of the 'elect'. Calvinist scholars and teachers change the following words / phrases to mean the word 'elect': 'world' (~20 Bible verses), 'whosoever/all' (~16x), 'every man' (~6x) and 'everyone (~3x). In no case is there anything in the text to justify substituting for 'elect'. [1]

4 Calvinism requires and promotes itself through academic / advanced / higher knowledge. The Bible says that even a child can grasp THEOS' truth.

Quote from the book 'The Calvinism Debate': "Consider some of the terms that James White uses in his debate with Dave Hunt: Compatibalism, Monergism versus Synergism, Electing Grace vs. Irresistible Grace, Effectual Calling vs. General Calling, Effective Atonement vs. Hypothetical Atonement, Libertarian Free Will vs. the Bondage of the Will. Other Calvinists speak of Active Reprobation, Common-, Objective- and Subjective Grace, Natural Ability and Moral Ability, Mediate vs. Immediate Imputation of Adam's sin, Single- and (Soft) Double Predestination, Supralapsarianism, Sublapsarianism, Infralapsarianism, Desiderative vs. Decretive will, and Antecedent Hypothetical Will. I believe that Calvinism is more akin to philosophy than to sound Bible theology and that it has left the simplicity that is in Christ." [1]

5 Calvinism is not uniform, but very great divisions are found in it: "Every Calvinist believes he has the liberty to decide what kind of Calvinist he will be, how many 'points' he will accept. One list of Calvinists names nine types: Total Hyper-Calvinist, Partial Hyper-Calvinist, Ultra-high Calvinist, Regular High Calvinist, Moderate Calvinist, Lower-moderate Calvinist, Lower Calvinist, Lowest Calvinist, and Amyraldism (4 point Calvinist)." [1]

6 While Calvin speaks a lot about THEOS' sovereignty and justice, he takes no account of THEOS' other attributes such as His love and mercy. Not once in the nearly 1300 pages of his Institutes does Calvin expound upon THEOS' love for mankind or attempt to explain how THEOS, who is love, could take pleasure in damning billions whom He could save if He so desired. [1]

7 Calvinism is constantly undermining the need for evangelism (because it is at odds with election); it converts it into an unloving work without genuine love and motivation. Hyper-Calvinists would go as far as to forbid the preaching of the Good Message and the offer of salvation to the non-elect. Many Calvinists of Spurgeon's day criticized him for including an evangelistic element in his teachings. [1] [2] [3]

8 Rejection of the biblical concept of prevenient grace and free will leading to salvation (Puppet Theology). Mark Driscoll went as far (in the common overemphasis of 'grace') to say that Noah was saved by grace only and that his salvation had absolutely nothing to do with faith or righteousness, directly contradicting 'Gen 6:9 ... Noah was a righteous man'. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

9 Claim that man cannot respond / consent to THEOS' call unto Salvation! "G‑d autonomously determines the desires and choices of people to accept Him" ('Unconditional Election' = Random Selection). Claim that belief is not a pre-condition to Past Salvation. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

10 Claim that THEOS predestined unbelievers for hell. Calvin in his Institutes: "I say with Augustine, that the Lord has created those who, as he certainly foreknew, were to go to destruction, and he did so because He so willed."

"By predestination we mean the eternal decree of G‑d, by which he determined with himself whatever he wished to happen with regard to every man. All are not created on equal terms, but some are preordained to eternal life, others to eternal damnation; and, accordingly, as each has been created for one or other of these ends, we say that he has been predestinated to life or to death" John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, Book III, chapter 21 [1] [2]

11 Propagation of the unbiblical 'Once-Saved-Always- Saved' theology ('Unconditional Salvation'). Very common claim that unrepented sin does not endanger Future Salvation !!! [1] [2]

• Biblical: Possible shipwreck (Perseverance of faithful saints). Calvinism: No possible shipwreck (Perseverance of all saints, Once-Saved-Always-Saved).
• Biblical: Prevenient grace + response through believer (Conditional Election). Calvinism: Grace only + no response through believer required (Unconditional Election, also called 'Sovereign' Grace).
• Biblical: CHRISTOS came to save the world. He died for all men (Universal Atonement). Calvinism: CHRISTOS came to save the elect. He died only for the elect (Limited Atonement).
• Biblical: CHRISTOS is the Light of the World. Calvinism: CHRISTOS is the Light of the Elect.
• Biblical: A believer can reject the grace of THEOS (Resistable Grace). Calvinism: A believer cannot reject the grace of THEOS (Irresistible Grace).
• Biblical: Free Will & Foreknowledge. Calvinism: No free will, predestination only.
• Biblical: THEOS shows benevolent love to unbelievers and complacent love to believers. Calvinism: THEOS hates unbelievers and loves believers only.

12 The TULIP memory tool was created by Dordrecht at the Synod of Dort in 1619 (Total depravity of man, Unconditional or sovereign election by THEOS, Limited atonement of IESOUS CHRISTOS, Irresistible grace, Perseverance of the saints).

Dave Hunt sums it up perfectly in his free book 'What Love is This? Calvinism's Misrepresentation of G-d': 

"Indisputably, the phrases represented by the first four letters in the acronym TULIP never appear in the Bible. Never does the Bible say that men are by nature incapable of believing the G‑spel or of seeking G-d. Never does it say that a select group is chosen unconditionally to salvation, or that grace is irresistible, or that Christ died only for an elect. Never is sovereign regeneration taught as preceding faith in Christ. 

The Calvinist cannot produce for any part of TULIP a clear, unambiguous statement from any part of Scripture! ... Never does Scripture declare that G-d desires billions to perish and that it is His good pleasure (and even to His glory) to withhold from them salvation. Never is G-d's love limited to a select group whom alone He desires to save. 

In contrast to a few verses that Calvinists must strain to support TULIP, hundreds proclaim plainly G‑d's love and desire for the salvation of all." [1] [2]

13 The Presbyterian theological professor Herrick Johnson admitted: "Across the Westminster Confession could justly be written: "The Good Message for the elect only." That Confession was written under the absolute dominion of one idea, the doctrine of predestination. It does not contain one of the three truths: G‑d's love for a lost world; Christ's compassion for a lost world; and the Good Mesage universal for a lost world." [1]

14 Calvinism typically includes amillennialism (following once again Augustine), interpreting Bible prophecy in Revelation allegorically and rejecting a literal millennium which plainly contradicts the idea of the elect. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

15 Arminianism, which is closer to THEOS' truth, is their stereotype enemy and part of a strategic system of a false dichotomy, the suggestion that a believer has only two options. Spurgeon in 'Lectures To My Students' [see also my book review]: "I was afraid the people might veer towards Antinomianism, an extreme as dangerous as Arminianism." But THEOS does not require His people to chose between Calvinism and Arminianism. [1] [2] [3] [4]

16 The unbiblical doctrine of Cessationism is particularly associated with Calvinism (especially since Warfield, but reaching back to Augustine who was a Cessationist). 

Calvinist Sam Waldron goes in the 2023 documentary 'Cessationist' as far as to open war within their own rows, by discrediting the Calvinists D.A. Carson, John Piper, Sam Storms and Wayne Grudem as having 'reformed inclinations only' simply because they describe themselves as 'open but cautious' (so as to say 'Second-class Calvinists' in his eyes; they even use the repentance of Sam Storms from Cessationism to discredit him). This brutal intimidation within their own rows shows that they are divided even on that issue. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [see also the movie review of 'Cessationist']

• Biblical: Emphasis on Revelation. Calvinism: Revelation often neglected, theology overemphasized.
• Biblical: Emphasis on Supernatural Direction. Calvinism: Denial of Supernatural Direction, direction comes rather from eloquence and human reasoning.

Cessationism is only slowly opposed by New Calvinists. Most Calvinists teach that Spiritual Gifts have ceased, very similar to Pharisees who constantly rejected miracles ... and who had also a ...

17 ... very strong emphasis on uniform appearance and an unwritten dress code for public appearances (which goes often as far as to coordinate suit colours and ties). [1] [2] [3]

18 Tendency towards spiritual racism. Elitist and often condescending attitude. They very often, if not regularly deem themselves more intellectual than others. Widely influenced by Spurgeon who regularly 'called names' and showed little humility. [1] [2] [3] [4]

19 Apartheid was founded on, empowered and blessed by Calvinism. [1] [2]

20 Common reduction of the Weekly Sabbath to a Typology and Any-Day-Sabbatism. Erroneous categorization as 'Ceremonial-', although the day itself is Moral Law. [1] [2]

21 List of 'CALVINIST / REFORMED COLLEGES, UNIVERSITIES, AND SEMINARIES' by Lighthouse Trails Research Project. [1]

22 Followers of Calvinism include: Alistair Begg, Allie Beth Stuckey, B.B. Warfield, Bruce Ware, Carl Trueman, Charles Spurgeon, Collin Hansen, Costi Hinn, D.A. Carson, Darrell Harrison, David Powlison, Doreen Virtue, Doug Wilson, Emeal EZ Zwayne, Francis Chan, Gabriel Hughes, George Whitefield, Gloria Furman, Greg Gilbert, Greg Koukl, J.C. Ryle, J.D. Greear, J.I. Packer, James K.A. Smith, James White, John Gill, John Knox, John MacArthur, John Owen, John Piper, Jon Bloom, Jonathan Edwards, Joni Eareckson Tada, Josh Buice, Joshua Harris, Justin Peters, Justin Taylor, Kevin DeYoung, Ligon Duncan, Loraine Boettner, Louie Giglio, Marcia Montenegro, Mark Dever, Mark Driscoll, Martin Lloyd-Jones, Matt Boswell, Matt Chandler, Melissa Dougherty, Michael Horton, Michelle Lesley, Owen Strachan, Paul Tripp, Paul Washer, Phil Johnson, R.C. Sproul, Randy Alcorn, Ray Ortlund, Rick Warren, Rosaria Butterfield, Russell Moore, Sam Allberry, Sinclair Ferguson, Steve Lawson, Susan Heck, Tim Challies, Tim Keller, Todd Friel, Tom Ascol, Tom Schreiner, Tony Reinke, Tullian Tchividjian, Voddie Baucham, Warren Wiersbe, Wayne Grudem, Zack Eswine ... [1]

Ministries: Albert Mohler, Challies.com, Crossway.org, Christian Answers for the New Age, Desiring G-d, ForTheG‑spel.org, Founder's Ministry, GotQuestions.org, GTY.org (John MacArthur's Grace To You), Josh Harris (JoshHarris.com), Just Thinking, Living Waters (mostly), MichelleLesley.com, Monergism blog, The G‑spel Coalition, Truth for Life (Alistair Begg), Wayne Grudem, Wretched, WWUTT/pastorgabe ...

23 Even though today's Calvinists often oppose the Charismatic & Pentecostal movement, we ought not forget that the Pentecostal movement was strongly shaped by the Dutch Lutheran & Reformed minister Harald Bredesen, who was often called the father of the charismatic movement. He was friends with Pat Robertson and founded with him the 'Christian' Broadcasting Network (CBN, 700 Club), after having introduced him to the Pentecostal experience of the ~Baptism in the HOLY SPIRIT~. [1] [2]

A connection that should not exist because of two seemingly opposing doctrines, but which to our surprise initiated with Augustine, and is gaining momentum today.

1 Augustine (354–430 AD) was at the very same time responsible for most of Catholicism's -AND- Calvinism's doctrines and practices. 

He taught the 5 points of TULIP and Double Predestination.

He was Preeminent Doctor of the Roman Catholic Church, patron of the Augustinians, believed in all seven Catholic Sacraments, Immaculate Conception, no forgiveness outside the RCC. It can be concluded that the Roman Catholic Church itself has a better claim on Augustine than do the Calvinists. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

2 The RCC included ~50% (7 books) of the OT Apocrypha in the Latin Vulgate, shortly after Pope Damasus and Augustine were the 2 decisive figures in canonizing the Apocrypha. Although Jerome's Vulgate was used for more than 900 years almost exclusively (meaning there was no Bible that ever included the full Apocrypha until then), the Reformers suddenly included 100% of the OT Apocrypha (+14 books in the Matthew Bible, +11 books in the Luther Bible). The Reformers disguised it as a separate section and under the pretext of removing those books at a later point, but it turned out to have been a lie, after the Geneva Bible (character of a Calvinist manifesto) included more than 4 decades into the Reformation again +12 books. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

3 Very strong promotion of Catholic Mysticism in North American Calvinist churches and through The G‑spel Coalition (TGC) network. The author of this ministry has visited several Calvinist churches in Canada, and found without exception a very strong and specific promotion of Mysticism, propagated through books and courses, and to a certain degree in sermons. Most of those churches are active members of the TGC network.

4 Very specific and sometimes unbalanced attacks of Calvinists against the Roman Catholic church (e.g. documentary 'American G‑spel'). Although with often good and biblical intentions to 'go to the truth', it can overall be clearly recognized as an odd and questionable attempt in order to distract from its common background.

5 While the old Reformed men believed (or pretended) that Rome is the great whore of Revelation 17, drunken with the blood of the martyrs, the new Reformed have ecumenical relationships with Rome, or at least are open to it. On the TGC web page 'Should Christians Be Ecumenical', we find the following: "Can evangelicals and Catholics truly be together? ... Jesus' prayer for unity in the Body obligates me to see the ecumenical task as important for Christianity". [1] [2]

6 Very high prevalence of reformed publications that are quoting Catholic saints and doctors (Aquinas, Augustine, Bernard of Clairvaux (by Spurgeon), Chrysostom, Irenaeus, Jerome, Teresa de Avila (see mysticism) ...).

People

7 The editor-in-chief of Christianity Today, Mark Galli, is probably the best modern example for the interlacement of Roman Catholic 'disciplines'. Initially a Presbyterian (Calvinist) pastor, he moved over to Anglicanism and the Episcopal Church, before officially announcing in 2020 his Roman Catholicism. [1]

8 Thomas Aquinas was a Catholic doctor and taught Calvinistic doctrine. Martin Luther was both an Augustinian & Calvinist (rejection of free will) until the end of his life. Even Calvin himself credited his salvation with his infant baptism in the Roman Catholic Church, and refused during the following 28 years to be baptized in a Christian setting. [1] [2]

9 The G‑spel Coalition and Timothy Keller promote(d) both the RCC and Calvinism. [1] [2] [3] [4]

10 J.I. Packer was both an Anglican and a Calvinist. His book 'Knowing G‑d' published in 1973 was one of the main reasons for the resurgences of Calvinism in North-American evangelicalism. [1] 

11 Doreen Virtue is baptized in an Episcopal church where still today the Catholic mass is held, and goes as 'Calvinist' (see separate discernment list).

12 Nancy Pearcey, who is one of the megaphones for Neo-Calvinism (see book 'Total Truth'), also heavily endorses Roman Catholicism and Catholics as 'men of G‑d' and 'sincere Christians'. [1]

13 Proponents of the mostly catholic practise of Lectio Divina sit in Calvin's churches, such as John Piper, N. T. Wright and Timothy Keller. [1] [2]

14 The popular ghostwriter Elizabeth Sherrill was Episcopalian (most probably also Freemason), and highly endorses Calvinism in her books. [1] [2] [3] [4] 

The following points demonstrate why the Calvinist's view of their deity closely reflects the Muslim's view of their deity:

1 The deity of Calvinism is absolutely deterministic, meaning it is thought to be the author of every action, word, thought, sin and evil. Islam teaches a very similar doctrine of All*h's absolute sovereignty, to the point of determinism. All*h knows everything, determines everything, decrees everything, and orders everything. All*h is even the cause of evil.

2 Both Calvinistic and Islamic predestination means that their deity alone foreordains who will be saved and who will be damned.

3 Both Calvinism and Islam are inherently fatalistic, meaning their belief that -all- events are fixed in advance.

4 No one will neglect that the deity of Islam is very distant, and devoid of love, intimacy and omnibenevolence. In Calvinism on the other hand, the concept of their deity's love is entirely absent from their patriarch's works (Calvin's Institutes).

5 Both Calvinism and Islam are religions of violence. While only a minority of Muslims fight a holy war, it is widely acknowledged and practised in the Middle East and other islamic regions, that those who defy Islam are either expelled, persecuted, and sometimes mutilated, tortured or killed. While Calvinism has today a rather peaceful appearance, it is originally based on a nearly identical doctrine of violence, where its patriarch himself, Calvin either forced, expelled, and sometimes persecuted, tortured or killed (on behalf of Calvin) those who disagreed with him or his religion. [1]

The Roman Catholic Church (RCC). The RCC possibly includes some genuine believers, but the institution itself and many of their doctrines are evil:

1 Religion mainly based on the false claim that there is the biblical office of a pope and that Peter was the first pope. The Bible knows only presbyters and deacons, but no bishops above presbyters, nor of a pope above bishops. The Bible teaches 2 very specific offices, but the RCC teaches at least 4 offices (plus archbishops, cardinals, primates et al.). [1] [2] [3]

2 [later than 110 AD] The post-mortem impersonation of Ignatius of Antioch (~50-110 AD; one of the Apostolic fathers) through the falsificated letters bearing his name, laid the foundation for the whole church. While the other Apostolic fathers correctly saw only 2 biblical offices (overseers, served by deacons), this letter proposed 3 offices (bishops served by overseers served by deacons), and this bishop office was later extended to the pope's office. 

The letters already grant total control to this office (sanction of every sexual union; overseers ought to serve the bishop; nothing ought to happen without the bishop; eucharist invalid without the bishop et al)." [see the book review of the 'Apostolic fathers' with specific quotes affirming each point; see also the letter ascribed to Clement of Rome including 'Apostolic Succession'!]

'Ignatius' was the very first to coin the term 'Catholic' in those letters, showed deeply ingrained antisemitism, successfully proposed to abolish the Weekly Sabbath based on that antisemitism and converted martyrdom into a spiritual achievement.

The following quote elevates the bishop as a g‑d and degrades IESOUS to a servant role: "Be zealous to do all things in harmony with [First rank] G‑d, and the bishop presiding, in the place of G‑d, and [Second rank] the presbyters in the place of the council of the Apostles. And [Third rank] the deacons who are most dear to me entrusted with the service of Jesus Christ, who was made manifest at the end of time."

3 The Roman bishop eventually rose to supremacy, due to the power and influence of the Roman emperors. After the western half of the Roman Empire collapsed, the popes took on the title that had previously belonged to the Roman emperors -Pontifex Maximus. [1] [2]

The title Pontifex Maximus appears in inscriptions on Catholic Church buildings and on coins and medallions. The official list of titles includes 'Supreme Pontiff of the whole Church' (in Latin, Summus Pontifex Ecclesiae Universalis) as the fourth title - a direct offense against IESOUS CHRISTOS as the only head of His (true) church.

4 [~250 AD] The first hints of Catholic Mariology are found in the writings of Origen, who first used the term Theotokos (Mary the mother of THEOS). He lived in Alexandria, Egypt, which happened to be the focal point of Isis worship, a mother-goddess religion similar to Catholicism. [1] [2]

5 [since ~300 AD] Prayers for the dead. [1]

6 [306 AD; officially 1115 AD] Celibacy of priesthood, leading to a wave of abuse of minors. 1Tim 4:1-3 "Now the SPIRIT expressly says that in later times some will depart from the faith by devoting themselves to deceitful spirits and teachings of demons, through the insincerity of liars whose consciences are seared, who forbid marriage ..." [1] [2] [3] [4]

7 [313 AD] The true birth of the Roman Catholic Church occurred, when Constantine had 3 visions of the gods Apo**o, Vict**a and lastly of a 'CHRISTOS', ~converted~ to Christianity and merged state and religion. Now the Roman Catholic Church began to rapidly expand under their suddenly unlimited possibilities and the financial support by the Roman government. [1]

8 [321 AD] Sunday instead of the Weekly Sabbath is declared as sacred for Roman Catholics. [1]

9 [325 AD] The first church-wide council in history, the Council of Nicea, produced the first church-wide creed to be signed under compulsion. Constantine banished into exile the 5 local church representatives who would not sign the creed. [1] [2]

10 [325 AD] Celebration of a strongly modified version of the Passover and late dedication to the Anglo-Saxon goddess Ēo*tre. The practise of Lent (both Easter and Lent instituted at Nicaea) further turns upside down the schedule leading to the Passover Week, is interrupted by a day dedicated to (excessive) drinking and eating (St. Patrick's instituted by the RCC, and is a blatant violation of Mat 6:16-18, the command to wash your face and to certainly not show off ashes on one's forehead. [1]

11 [366 AD] First Pope (Damasus) of the Apostolic See of Rome, later to be erroneously claimed in direct succession to the Apostle Peter. After Damasus was elected, they massacred 137 supporters of his ~running mate~ Ursicinus (who had already ruled for several months, but was not supported by the upper-class of Rome) inside the Basilica of Sicininus and added the title 'Anti-Pope' to discredit Ursicinus even further after his exile.

What Catholics often use to win people to their religion ("we are the only ones who have true historic faith connected to the beginning of Christianity"), actually results in a long list of adultery, gambling, incest, murder, orgies, prostitution, satanism, witchcraft et al. amongst the Popes. Roman Catholic history is not a flagship, but a shipwreck. Today's popes might have a different image and less visible scandals, but the spirit behind has not changed in the least. [1] [2]

12 [370 AD] Veneration of dead saints. [1] [2] [3] [4]

13 [405 AD] The probably most profound transgression in the history of the Christian Church: Change of our Bibles from the Greek Old & New Testament, to the Modern Hebrew Old Testament. For 5-6 centuries (2/1 c. BC - 5/6 c. AD), the Greek Old (and New) Testament was the undisputed Bible text read by the church and almost exclusively used for translations, until Pope Damasus's secretary (Jerome, who at first also worked from the Greek OT) established a precedent for later translators by using the Hebrew texts. He suddenly broke all traditions and foisted in Rabbi Akiva's manipulated Modern Hebrew ~original~, which only centuries later turned out to not be the original, a fact very rarely admitted by today's scholars, having since significantly complicated biblical exegesis, having diminished or erased many messianic prophecies and having shrunk the creation date by ~1500 years. [1]

14 [405 AD ] Inclusion of 7 Ecclesiastical Books (Deuterocanonicals: 1 & 2 Maccabees, Tobit, Judith, Sirach, Wisdom, and Baruch), while 6 other Ecclesiastical Books (Letter of Ieremias, Manasses, Susanna, Bel and the Dragon and 3 & 4 Maccabees) are not included. [1]

15 [390 AD] The Mass, a daily re-sacrificing of 'Jesus Christ'. Often Catholic laity excuse themselves that they supposedly do not re-sacrifice CHRISTOS. But the Catholic guidelines (Catechism of the Catholic Church / Catholic Encyclopedia / Council of Trent) plainly state that the Eucharist is a sacrifice and a propitiatory in itself and therefore intends to repeat CHRISTOS as ultimate sacrifice and propitiatory.

"If any one saith, that the sacrifice of the mass is only a sacrifice of praise and of thanksgiving; or, that it is a bare commemoration [clear opposition to the Bible] of the sacrifice consummated on the cross, but not a propitiatory sacrifice; or, that it profits him only who receives; and that it ought not to be offered for the living and the dead for sins, pains, satisfactions, and other necessities; let him be anathema." (Trent: On the Sacrifice of the Mass: Canon 3). See also transubstantiation below. [1] [2] [3]

16 [425 AD] Marian dogmas / glorification of Mary. Later immaculate conception of Mary (that she was born without original sin and was a sinless woman; but only IESOUS was sinless) and assumption of Mary into Heaven. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Mediatrix: "Term applied to Mary, the Mother of Jesus, who is said to be a co-redeemer with Christ. In Catholic practice, Mary is often the mediator between men and Jesus, it being suggested that she is more merciful and that her Son in heaven would refuse her nothing."

"Catholics claim that the church is a family, and because Mary is a member of that family, it is legitimate to ask her to pray for you. But the fact that she is deceased turns this into what the Bible calls necromancy or contacting the dead. Necromancy is considered a serious violation in Deuteronomy." [6-quotes]

17 [575-593 AD] Purgatory, a kind of death cleansing. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

18 [609 AD] The very first celebration of 'All Hallow's Eve' (Hallow-een = Holy Evening before All Saints Day) occurred in 609 AD, when Pope Boniface IV dedicated the Pantheon in Rome (Pan-theion = '[temple of] all gods') to the Virgin Mary. [1] [2]

19 [790 AD] Worship of images and relics. [1] [2] [3]

20 [960 AD] Canonization of catholic (patron) saints. [1] [2]

21 [1075 AD] Greatest mass divorce in history forced upon clergy by Gregory VII. [1] [2]

22 [1190 AD] Indulgences have the power of 'decreasing the duration of time the dead spend in Purgatory'. [1] [2] [3]

23 [1215 AD] Waldensians, the first reformers (long before Luther), had been declared as heretical, been persecuted and many of them killed by the Catholic Church. The estimate is that between 10-20 million Protestants were killed by the Catholic Church between 1550-1870. [1] [2] [3]

24 [1215 AD, probably much earlier] Transubstantiation of bread and wine, calling IESOUS down to their altar. [1] [2] [3] [4]

25 [1545 AD] Council of Trent - Rome turns from the authority of THEOS' Word to authority of tradition. Tradition made equal in authority to the Bible. Justification by faith condemned. [1]

26 [1942-1949] Organization of the 'Rat-lines' (World War II) , also called 'monastery routes' by the US secret service, which were systems of escape routes for German nazis and other fascists fleeing Europe from 1945 onwards, supported by rogue elements in the Vatican and planned by the Franciscan priest Draganović and the Austrian Catholic bishop Alois Hudal, with direct involvement of Pope Pius XI. The two primary routes led from Germany to Spain to Argentina; another from Germany to Rome, via Genoa, to South America. Hundreds of war criminals fled, and many of them lived temporarily inside the Vatican and a nearby seminary !!! The Red Cross office in Rome issued passports and often paid the costs of the ship crossings. The Roman Catholic Archbishop of Buenos Aires (Caggiano) himself sailed first class with the first war criminal to Argentina. [1] [2] [3] [4]

27 [1954 AD] Official Catholic teaching (Ad Caeli Reginam), issued by Pope Pius XII, stating that Mary is called Queen of Heaven! [1] [2]

28 [1992 AD] Publication of catholic catechism; no salvation outside the Catholic Church. [1]

29 [2016 AD] Pope Francis invented new beatitudes, while saying that those "were needed for today's modern Christians. One of these new beatitudes he presented that day was 'Blessed are those who see G-d in every person.' This panentheistic statement lines up with the New Age, not with biblical Christianity. 'Pope Offers New Beatitudes For Saints of a New Age' was then the title of the respective article of the Catholic News Service." [1] [2]

30 [2019 AD] Open promotion of a One World Religion. Pope Francis signed in 2019 a covenant with Islam leaders. The official Catechism, p. 230 says "The plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place amongst whom are the Muslims; these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and together with us they adore the one, merciful G-d, mankind's judge on the last day." [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

31 Removal of the 2nd Commandment (No graven images) [1]

32 Antisemitism. The RCC persecuted Jews for the most time of its history. More than 100 official anti-Semitic documents have been issued by the RCC throughout its history. Today their official position has changed, but it still took the Vatican 46 years after Israel's independence to recognize them as a state. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

33 Official doctrine that suicide does not exclude from Salvation: "We should not despair of the eternal salvation of persons who have taken their own lives." [1]

34 Institutionalized infant baptism. [1]

35 Long list of ~72 unbiblical holidays which are clearly forbidden in Gal 4:9-10. List of programmed and obligatory fasts, and the requirement of abstinence from certain foods. [1] [2]

36 Endorsement of Evolution. [1]

Founded in 1879 in New England by Mary Baker Eddy (1821-1910). It is widely known for its highly controversial practice of Spiritual Healing (Set of beliefs and practices which rejects medicine and doctors).

1 Requirements for members include the daily study of the Bible and 'Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures'. This book, written by Eddy in 1875, is their central text and outlines the theology of Christian Science. [1] [2]

2 They deny that IESOUS is THEOS in flesh. [1] [2]

3 It has increasingly been perceived as an antecedent of the development of feminism in the religious world. While not a 'feminist', Eddy was clearly 'liberated', assigned strong females to key leadership positions, and taught that the spiritual equality of men and women must have political and social effects. [1]

4 They (Daily Lift) are behind 'thefaith.app', where many highly problematic authors and personalities are endorsed.

The promotion for the app reads: "Over 100 uplifting authors. C.S. Lewis • J.R.R. Tolkien • St. Augustine • Amy Carmichael • Martin Luther • Mother Teresa • Billy Graham • Christine Caine • A.W. Tozer • G.K. Chesterton • Bonhoeffer • Shakespeare • Spurgeon • Dickens • and more."

This reads like a hall-of-fame of the most problematic teachers. [1] [2] [3]

Self-declared 'middle way between Roman Catholic and Protestant traditions.

1 The American version of the Anglican Puritan church. See also separate discernment on 'Anglican church'. [1]

2 According to their tradition, the 12 Apostles were the first bishops of the Church, and all the bishops throughout history up until now are their successors in this role. [1] [2]

3 It was in an Episocpalian church in the 1960s (St. Mark's Episcopal church in Van Nuys/US), where Pentecostalism was adopted in the first denomination and thus the Charismatic Movement was born, which soon spread into other denominations as well. [1]

4 It was an Episcopalian priest (Pauli Murray, venerated in the Episcopal Church!), who founded in 1966 (together with the 'notable Catholic feminist Elizabeth Farians and others) the feminist National Organization for Women and campaigned already two years later in 1968 to abolish head coverings for women, previously worn throughout all the denominations for thousands of years. We know today that their campaign was highly successful and that most denominations have suddenly dropped the biblical mandate and clung to the Methodist Adam Clarke's popular, modern legend that it was only a local custom in Corinth. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

5 Female pastors / priests make up at least 33% of all the priests (2017). Many churches (e.g. St. John the Evangelist in New York; see [4]) have even predominantly female leadership today. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

6 Widespread support of same-s*x civil marriages. Many of the clergy are practicing homos**uals. [1] [2] [3] [4]

7 Presidents of the US, who were at the same time confirmed Freemasons and Episcopalians: George Washington, James Monroe, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Gerald Ford. Probably also James Madison. [1] [2] [3]

8 Veneration of saints. [1]

9 Significant opposition to Biblical Creation and endorsement of Evolution. [1] [2]

Secret society which is anti-Christian and satanic in its root.

1 They deny the substitutionary atonement of CHRISTOS. [1]

2 They deny the immortality of the soul. [1]

3 They deny that a person exists after death. [1]

4 They deny the existence of hell and eternal punishment. [1]

5 They deny the existence of the fallen angel Lucifer as the devil. [1]

6 Mormonism (Joseph Smith) is a religion found upon, and deeply intertwined with Freemasonry. [1] [2] [3] [4]

7 The Southern Baptist Convention has a strong prevalence of Freemasons in their ranks (14% of SBC pastors and 18% of deacons in the 1990s). [1]

8 Freemasons include: 14 Presidents of the US, Norman Vincent Peale (The Power of Positive Thinking), Owen Barfield ... [1] [2]

9 Freemason authors include George G. Ritchie, Pat Robertson, Ron & Deborah Hall ...

Pastor Ock Soo Park and translator Joseph Park, headquartered at Seoul, South Korea.

1 At least 7 mainline Protestant denominations have -officially- stated in between 1985 and 2008 that GNM is a cult. [1] [2] [3] [4]

2 Ock Soo Park wrongly claimed to have been ordained by Dick York. York rejected this notion. [1] [2]

3 OSP claims to have received rewards which do probably not even exist: 1. Gran Prize for the New Korean, 2. New Leader in Christianity, 3. The True Minister Award, 4. 21st Century True Shepherd. [1] [2]

4 On the one hand they show false humility (Stories such as "only two students showed up to our first meeting [6]", OSP: "I was so poor that I stole wheat grain from the field"), while at the same time trying to impress through the high-ranking officials and presidents OSP met, or through (partly unreasonable) numbers: 800 000 participating pastors from >70 countries, 215 branches in 95 countries, broadcast on 655 tv stations in >125 countries, adviser to national presidents, 51 meetings with 29 heads of states in 23 countries, a best-selling author of numerous publications and books (his books have almost no ratings both on Amazon and Goodreads [see2&3]) ... [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

5 His 2020 book 'It Is G‑d That Justified', although promoted on TV, has only 22 Amazon ratings (2024). It claims to be a book of sermons heard by 1 billion people, from the 'most influential and renowned preacher today'. [1]

6 Unbiblical teachings regarding sin, no need for ongoing repentance. They teach that there is no good in humans, only continual evil [3]. Pastors who claim that we have both good and evil, are wrong ... They base this on Gen 6:5 and Rom 7:19 [see 4]. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

7 Taught the unbiblical doctrine that John the Baptist transferred the sins of the world to IESOUS at His baptism. [1] [2]

8 Claim that the prodigal son left his father to run his own business. [1]

9 Promotion of a 'Mind education' (IMEI) program with the help of politicians . Claim to be the "best mind educator of the age" (OSP) and "the best organization in the world". They call it a "baby-formula" [1], without it the Bible would be too difficult to understand and "there is no one to listen to it". [1] [2] [3] [4]

10 IMEI teaching: The fundamental cause for divorce and other problems is a weak heart, which can be overcome by a 'change of the mind' [1]. They even give tips for remarriage, and do not treat it as sin.

11 The director of IMEI Canada & Public Relations Coordinator, Kristi Castro, studied at a private Jesuit university (Loyola Marymount in Los Angeles). [1] [2]

12 OSP's translator Joseph Park admitted publicly that OSP instructed him to translate more than he actually says, to 'fill the blanks'. [1]

13 Tried for selling over-the-counter stocks of a bio company at unreasonable prices to some 800 church devotees. 3 others convicted, but not OSP. [1]

14 "If a man sees error in the group and resists it, he is deemed unfaithful. If he leaves, his wife is encouraged to be faithful to the group and divorce her husband. The members also are encouraged to go deeply in debt to finance the activities of the group." [1]

15 New York Times reported in 2012 the fake 'English Camp' for college students in Mexico, sponsored by GNM. The students were discouraged by security personnel from leaving. [1] [2] [3] [4]

16 Joshua Park created the Wikipedia page for OSP and criticism is continually being removed. [1] [2]

A relatively loose group of churches which has some excellent principles such as the avoidance of solo pastors in favor of a plurality of exclusively male presbyters, which is rather no denomination but unfortunately very close to the 16th c. Reformation and King James Onlyism, and which positively endorses head coverings for women and the singing of hymns. But by looking behind the surface, one quickly finds what can rather be described as cult, with extreme legalism and a boycott of great portions of the New Testament.

1 They worship the name 'J*hovah'. The letter 'H' is correct, but the letters 'E', 'O' and 'A' are a guess, while 'J' and ' V' are plainly wrong. The name is therefore heretical, which is underlined by the predominant use through J*hova's Witnesses. 

They use this name whenever possible in sermons [see 1], in at least 17 of their official hymns [2] and in articles of chief theologians such as Michael J. Penfold, who writes [3]: "Think of a professed commentator like Dr. C. Wordsw*** committing himself and the Dict. of the Bible to the stupendous error that G‑d -made- Jesus to be Jehovah! He refers to Acts 2:36, which really treats of official glory, not of the Deity or J*hovahship of Jesus." [1] [2] [3]

2 One of their core doctrines is the rapture which is in their opinion "going to take place in a moment's time instantaneously". A search in their official Youtube channel 'G‑spel Hall Audio' brings up 20 (!) sermons which include the teaching about an imminent 'rapture', while the works of Michael J. Penfold bring up more than 120 (!) matches of the word 'rapture', and 9 of their official hymns include the word 'rapture'. 

But the Bible declares those as 'deceivers' who teach such thing: 2The 2:1-4 "And we ask you, brethren, in regard to the presence of our KYRIOS IESOUS CHRISTOS, and of our gathering together unto him, that ye be not quickly shaken in mind, nor be troubled [...] let not any one deceive you in any manner, because if the falling away may not come first, and the man of sin be revealed [...] he in the sanctuary of THEOS as 'G-d' hath sat down, shewing himself off that he is THEOS - the day does not come." [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

3 Extreme legalism (total condemnation of all actors with no differentiation to honest Christian actors, condemnation of any faith-based movies without differentiation between edifying and non-edifying content, of any instrument for worship, and of -all- contemporary Christian music). [against Actors and faith-based movies] [against Instruments] [against contemporary Christian music "CCM has to go"; "here are three reasons why separation from all forms of Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) is necessary"].

They base their condemnation of instruments, which includes even the rejection of organs, pianos and harps, on the distraction of the artist when he or she has "necessarily has to attend to the accuracy of his playing", but this line of reasoning would have degraded every priest in Solomon's temple to a fruitless worshipper, simply because he had to focus on the accuracy of duties such as sacrifices. The Bible is full of instruments used in a pious way and it is extremely legalistic (= adding to the Bible what is not stipulated; very similar to the Oral or Fence Laws of the Pharisees) to forbid those without any exception. [1]

They employ important warnings when it comes to hypocritical actors, worldly faith-based-movies and distractions in worship, but at no point do they employ any balance(d discernment) to differentiate between the healthy elements and the problematic. They give valid examples of the problems and then simply imply that all and everything is bad and useless. 

4 Head coverings are officially endorsed, but one personal visit to one of their assemblies in Greater Vancouver showed me that less than half of the women actually obey this during corporate prayer and that the veils are rather designer hats which cover less than 30% of the hair. While there are no specific biblical rules, it should be apparent that a proper veil covers at least half of the hair and not just a fraction of it; and that it is intentionally placed for prayer (and worship) only, while taken off for any other elements such as teaching. [1] [2] [3]

5 They teach analogous to Calvinism the heretical doctrine of Cessationism (that all spiritual gifts have ceased by the end of the 1c. AD), and use in the article of Michael J. Penfold the exact same arguments which are e.g. employed in the Calvinist movie 'Cessationist (2023) by Les Lanphere' (see review) - essentially claiming that miracles in biblical history only occurred during 195-200 years in total, that tongues were an "authenticating sign of the apostles" (while stretching the meaning of the word 'sign' and twisting many referenced Bible verses) and a sign of judgment of the nation of Israel. 

But Paul does much rather teach that tongues were intended to impress unbelievers (long after CHRISTOS had temporarily cursed the nation of Israel as symbolized through the fig tree) and that the gift (not the office) of prophecy definitely continues to date, contrary to their undifferentiated claim that any prophecy has ceased and therefore also all gifts (which would necessarily include the gift of teaching which they consider as permanent gift, while they even 'abolish' the gifts of 'Discernment', of 'Faith' (!) and 'Words of Knowledge / Wisdom'). 

They 'affirm' their stance through doctors of the Roman Catholic church such as Augustine or Chrysostom. [1] [2]

6 They teach the anti-biblical doctrine of 'Once-Saved-Always-Saved'. [1] [see also my study 'Eternal Security vs. Conditional Security' which includes more than 70 verses which clearly affirm the possibility of losing a Past Salvation]

7 They teach against the full observance of the 10 Commandments, specifically against the Weekly Sabbath, by declaring it a '7th Day Adventist spleen', a false dichotomy very often employed today by Protestants who want to quickly intimidate and silence those defending the biblical teaching. "Neither Saturday nor Sunday are any longer legally required to be kept as 'no-work Sabbaths' by Christians today." 

They justify this through the example of the Reformers and are generally greatly influenced by the Reformation, although they declare themselves to be non-denominational. [1]

8 While G‑spel Hall is officially not KJV-only, it not only predominantly uses this Bible translation (formerly as primary Bible on their website which is down for maintenance since several years, also as singled out in this official sermon in min 2:43 as having "endeared itself to our hearts" and being the "companion of their childhood days"). 

Their teaching principles are also similar to KJV-onlyism (overly bold and sometimes demeaning language as visible through Michael J. Penfold; Once-Saved-Always-Saved; heavy emphasis on Dispensationalism as highlighted in the KJV translation; both much rather on the legalistic side ...). [1] [2][3] [4] [5]

9 The word 'G‑spel' in their name is composed of the word 'Goth / G-d' and 'Spell'! It was glossed 'g‑dspel' in the Old English era and the letter 'd' dropped out easily in speech. From Old English the word passed, in adapted forms, into the languages of the Germanic peoples evangelized from England: Old Saxon 'g‑dspell', Old High German 'g‑t-spell', Old Norse 'guð-, g‑ðspiall'; in each case the form of the first element shows unequivocally that it was identified with G‑d, not with good as often argued. The noun 'Spell' originates from the Proto-Germanic 'spellą' (speech, account, tale) and implies words or a formula supposed to have magical powers. The verb 'Spell' implies 'to put under the influence of a spell; to affect by a spell; to bewitch; to fascinate; to charm.' [1]

A monotheistic religion, originally based on Polytheism and centered around the Quran, a religious text revealed to Muhammad, their main and final prophet.

1 The Quran is plagiarized in parts from the Christian Bible and contains references to more than fifty people and events found in the Bible. Islam was founded ~600 years after the NT was written, meaning that the plagiarism is clearly attributed. [1] [2] [3] 

2 Islam imposes its 7th-century Arabian culture in its political expression, family affairs, dietary laws, clothing, religious rites and in its language on the rest of the cultures of the world. [1]

3 In pre-Islamic Arabia, the sun god was viewed as female, and the moon was viewed as the male god. A***H, the moon god, was married to the sun god, and together they produced three goddesses called The Daughters of A***h. A***h was represented by a black stone that was believed to have come down from heaven. Muhammad was born into a tribe particularly devoted to this moon god called A***h. When Muhammad took control of Mecca, he destroyed all the idols in the Kaaba except the stone deity, A...h. Today, the symbol of moon worship, the crescent moon is on every flag of an Islamic nation and on top of every mosque. Yet many muslims don't even know why it is there. [1] [2]

4 Muhammad received revelations during which he would go into epileptic fits. He would shake, perspire and foam at the mouth. Clearly demonic. His revelations included the divine authorization to loot, steal and kill tens of thousands of people. [1]

5 After his supposed encounter with the angel Gabriel, he had suicidal thoughts, because he correctly thought it to be a demonic encounter with unclean spirits. But his first wife Khadijah and her cousin Waraqah convinced him that the revelation was from g‑d. A few days later Waraqah died. [1] [2]

6 He was married to Khadijah, Sawdah, Ais**h (7 years old at the wedding), Hafsah, Umm al-Masakin, Umm Salamah, Zaynab, Juwayriyyah, Umm Habibah, Safiyyah , Maymunah, Rayhanah, Mariah. Ais**h was his favourite wife, because he received his demonic revelations exclusively through her. In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" [1] [2]

7 False claim that the Qur'an was miraculously given to Muhammed over a period of 23 years. [1]

8 Muhammad could not write, nor did he receive divine help to write the Quran. [1]

9 Abrogations (Naskh, Tafsir) are used in order to hide contradictions in Islamic law or changes in Muhammad's doctrine. Their prophets could be influenced by Satan and then later receive better revelations ... Surah 2:106 states: "If We ever abrogate a verse or cause it to be forgotten, We replace it with a better or similar one. Do you not know that A***h is Most Capable of everything?" [1] [2] [3]

10 Rejection of the Trinity. Belief in one A***h. Shahada: "There is no deity but god, Muhammad is the Messenger of god". Teaching that THEOS has no son. [1] [2] [3] [4]

11 Although CHRISTOS is more often mentioned than Muhammad (Surah 19:16-33; 4:171; 3:45; 5:110; 6:84-87), and the mother of CHRISTOS is more often mentioned than the mother of Muhammed, Islam still degrades IESOUS to a prophet only, and denies His divinity. Replacement of IESOUS with Muhammad as A...h's final and greatest of all prophets ...

Surah 5:116 states: "And ˹on Judgment Day˺ A***h will say, "O Jesus, son of Mary! Did you ever ask the people to worship you and your mother as gods besides A***h?" He will answer, "Glory be to You! How could I ever say what I had no right to say? If I had said such a thing, you would have certainly known it. You know what is ˹hidden˺ within me, but I do not know what is within You. Indeed, You ˹alone˺ are the Knower of all unseen." [1] [2] [3] [4]

12 Muhammad, in order to appease the merchants of Mecca (who made tremendous amounts of money by people coming there on pilgrimages), put this requirement into Islam (5th pillar of faith) as part of his religion. [1] [2] [3]

13 Muhammad was poisoned by a widow, whose husband he had murdered. Paul the apostle was bitten by a poisonous snake (Acts 28:1-6), but Paul suffered no ill effects from the bite. [1]

14 The declared mission of Islam is to kill first those who keep the Saturday (Jews), then those who keep the Sunday (Christians). They go as far as to say that their resurrection cannot come until all Jews will have been eliminated from the face of the earth. 

Sahih Muslim Book 4 #79-81 states "The last hour would not come unless the Muslims will fight against the Jews and the Muslims would kill them until the Jews would hide themselves behind a stone or a tree and a stone or a tree would say: Muslim, or the servant of All*h, there is a Jew behind me; come and kill him; but the tree Gharqad would not say, for it is the tree of the Jews." 

Clear abuse of Revelation 6:12-17 (6th seal): "16 And they said to the mountains and to the rocks, "Fall on us and hide us from the face of the one who is seated on the throne, and from the wrath of the LAMB, 17 because the great day of their wrath has come, and who is able to stand?" [1] [2] [3] [4]

Surah 5:51 states: "O believers! Take neither Jews nor Christians as guardians - they are guardians of each other.1 Whoever does so will be counted as one of them. Surely A***h does not guide the wrongdoing people." Jews and Christians are sometimes called the descendants of apes and pigs. [1] [2] [3]

15 Barbaric treatment of women. Women are often considered property and denied ownership. 75% suffer female circumcision in a most barbaric, painful ritual designed to make them obedient and docile. They must wear what illiterate nomadic tribes wore in 7th century Arabia, covered from head to toe. Women who dare to drive a car, are called 'red communists, dirty American secularists, whores and prostitutes and advocators of vice', and their names, occupations, addresses and phone numbers are distributed in leaflets at mosques and public places. [1]

A millenarian restorationist denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs.

1 The founder, Charles Russell, who grew up as Presbyterian, did not like the teachings of the trinity ("satan is its author"), of hell (only a grave) and eternal judgment. After meeting SDA author Nelson Barbour in 1876, he prophesied that IESOUS would return in 1874. Once failed, he switched the prophecy to the year 1914. Once failed again, he claimed that CHRISTOS had indeed returned as an invisible spirit, a ghost. False prophet. 

He also divorced his wife. After his death, the Watch Tower said that he had been made 'ruler of all the Lord's goods'. [1] [2] [3]

2 His successor, Joseph Rutherford, was also a false prophet. He prophesied that the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob would return visibly to the earth, and built for them a large palatial mansion in San Diego. After the patriarchs did not show up in 1929, Rutherford lived in the mansion. [1] [2] [3] [4]

3 His successor, Nathan Knorr, was also a false prophet. He prophesied the year 1975 to be the end of the age and that Armageddon would occur. [1] [2]

4 They deny the incarnation of CHRISTOS. They even reject IESOUS being THEOS, reject the HOLY SPIRIT being THEOS, and claim that 'Jehova' alone is THEOS. [1]

5 They created their own Bible translation, the New World Translation, to make the Bible fit preconceived Witness theology. [1] [2]

6 Their organization fulfills the typical 'exclusivity signs' of cults: claim that they are THEOS' sole channel for truth; to reject them is to reject THEOS; only they can interpret the Bible and no individual is able to do so. [1]

7 They claimed for long that 144.000 people go to heaven. When they grew bigger than that number, they claimed that 144.000 go to heaven and the majority of witnesses find salvation on earth ... [1]

A religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. Founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and 6 companions, with the approval of Pope Paul III.

1 The Society of Jesus is consecrated under the patronage of Madonna della Strada, a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary (mother-goddess worship). [1]

2 One of the principle actors of the Inquisition, where hundreds of thousands of Christians had been tortured and killed. Jesuits assisted Charles V to advance persecutions with a bigger fury. 100,000 were massacred with unbelievable savagery. Some were chained to a stake close to fire and roasted slowly until their death; others were thrown into dungeons, whipped, tortured in wooden horses, before being burned. Women were burned alive, put into narrow coffins, trampled by torturers. Those trying to escape to other nations were intercepted by soldiers and massacred. See also the books 'Foxe's Books of Martyrs' [6] and 'Halley's Bible Handbook' [see 10; original without the passages removed by Billy Graham]. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

3 Jesuits also took on the brutal leadership during the Counter-Reformation, and became the most dynamic force in the Roman Catholic's Church's effort to rebuild its following, to regain much territory and crush the Reformation in France. [1] [2] [3]

4 The French philosopher and Catholic Jesuit priest Pierre Teilhard de Chardin is known as the father of the New Age Movement. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

5 Roman Catholic Jesuits such as Robert Ochs became students of the Enneagram, propagated its use at seminaries and spiritual retreats, and endorsed it as a tool for effecting personal change. [1]

6 A Jesuit was the forerunner for today's 'Social Justice' Movement. "Social justice appears to have been first employed in the early 1840s by an Italian Catholic theologian and Jesuit, Luigi Taparelli d'Azeglio." [1] [2]

7 The Jesuit priest Donald McGuire was convicted in 2006 after 40 years of horrific crimes to 25 years of prison. He sexually abused multiple children and is described as "perhaps the most egregious offender among American Jesuits". Long list of other scandals all over the world [see 2]. [1] [2] [3]

8 Excerpts of the Jesuit Oath (Library of Congress, 1883): "... heretofore you have been taught to act the dissembler: among Roman Catholics to be a Roman Catholic, and to be a spy even among your own brethren; to believe no man, to trust no man. Among the Reformers, to be a Reformer; among the Huguenots, to be a Huguenot; among the Calvinists, to be a Calvinist; among other Protestants, generally to be a Protestant,and obtaining their confidence, to seek even to preach from their pulpits, and to denounce withall the vehemence in your nature our Holy Religion and the Pope; and even to descend so low as to become a Jew among Jews, that you might be enabled to gather together all information for the benefit of your Order as a faithful soldier of the Pope." 

"You have been taught to insidiously plant the seeds of jealousy and hatred between communities, provinces, states that were at peace, and incite them to deeds of blood, involving them in war with each other, and to create revolutions and civil wars in countries that were independent and prosperous, cultivating the arts and the sciences and enjoying the blessings of peace. To take sides with the combatants and to act secretly with your brother Jesuit, who might be engaged on the other side, but openly opposed to that with which you might be connected, only that the Church might be the gainer in the end, in the conditions fixed in the treaties for peace and that the end justifies the means." 

"You have been taught your duty as a spy, to gather all statistics, facts and information in your power from every source; to ingratiate yourself into the confidence of the family circle of Protestants and heretics of every class and character, as well as that of the merchant, the banker, the lawyer, among the schools and universities, in parliaments and legislatures, and the judiciaries and councils of state, and to be all things to all men, for the Pope's sake, whose servants we are unto death." [1]

Active or Former Members Include

9 Henri Nouwen (He was a Jesuit and studied at the 'Jesuit Aloysius College' in The Hague), Pope Francis (First Jesuit to be elected Pope), Ronald K. Tacelli (Catholic priest in the Jesuit order) [1] [2] [3]

People Who Studied At Jesuit Institutions

10 Alfred Hitchcock, Bill Clinton, Denzel Washington, Donald Trump, Fidel & Raul Castro, Henri Nouwen, Kristi Castro (director of International Mind Education Institute Canada / Good News Mission; see above), Pope Francis ... [1] [2]

(In-) Direct Supporters Include

11 Ann Voskamp (her favourite book is 'Ignatius Prayer' from Hans Urs von Balthasar), Billy Graham (He bought after the death of the author the rights of 'Halley's Bible Handbook', and specifically removed all the research and warnings about the Jesuits), Carolyn Weber (heavily endorses a long list of Jesuit members and authors), Curt Thompson (promoted also the book 'Ignatius Prayer'), John Mark Comer (his spiritual mentor is a Jesuit which essentially makes him a Jesuit), Mother Teresa (support of McGuire), Teresa de Avila (her confessor was a Jesuit), Tyler Staton (Prayer of Ignatian Examen). [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

1 Witness Lee (WL; born Li Changshou) expressed his ideas in more extreme and irrational ways than Watchmen Nee (WN; born Ni Tuosheng, or Nee T'o-sheng). [1]

2 No acceptance of books other than WL and WN in their churches. All teachings filtered through WL. [1] [2]

3 Limited use of the Bible, rather use of WL teachings and of a 'Recovery Bible', an attempt to selectively translate the Bible into terms and syntax which supports WL's transformation theology. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

4 Both WL and WN teach that 'non-overcoming' Christians will not inherit the Millennial Kingdom, but will inherit what comes after that, having passed through a future (Protestant) Purgatory implying an extra-sanctification. [1] [2]

5 Contemptuous attitude towards other churches and denominations. Spiritual racism. 'Elitist club'. Common mindset that members should not marry Christians of other denominations. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

6 They preach an Easy Believism, the Sinner's Prayer and calling on the name of 'Jesus' only (3x 'O Lord Jesus' and you are saved ...). [1] [2]

7 In 1967 WL started the 'Calling Out' (or 'Shouting') Movement. He said that the Age of the Word had ended, and now it was the Age of the spirit. Witness Lee taught that believers must 'eat the Lord' and the way to do this was by calling out or shouting his name. Calling out his name was the way to release the 'spirit' in this Age of the spirit.

8 Rather modalistic / oneness concept of the Trinity. Some of their 'Shouters' took WL's questionable doctrine of the Trinity one step further and became complete modalists. These groups held that the FATHER became the SON and was no longer the FATHER; the SON became the SPIRIT and was no longer the SON. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

9 Clever deception by way of doublespeak. [1] [2]

10 Countless lawsuits against critics. "I doubt that the Mormons and the Jehovah's Witnesses combined have issued as many lawsuits and threats against evangelical Christians". [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

11 In 2003 - Jim Moran, founder of Light Of Truth Ministries, died suddenly of a 'heart attack'. [1] [2] [3]

2003 - Only weeks later, the LC took over both his websites, deleted one and redirected the other to a new website attacking critics. [Original www.ltm.org - Redirected] [Original www.thelocalchurch.org - Redirected, later deleted]

Earlier in 2000 - LC tried already to take ownership of the critical website www.thelocalchurch.org . [1] [2] [3]

1998 - Hacker attack, most probably through LC. [1] 

Splitter Group from Witness Lee - 'Church of the Almighty g-d' / 'Eastern Lightning'

1 The 'Church of Almighty G-d' is a splinter group of the 'Shouters', who were led by Witness Lee. [1] [2] [3]

2 The church is led by Zhao Weishan and his wife Yang Xiangbin, the latter who is defined by the group as 'Almighty g0d', and reincarnated 'christ of the Last Days'. [1] [2] [3] [4]

3 In their movie 'Where Is My Home (2017)', they read 3 times and in total for 15 minutes from a religious book which they disguise as 'bible', but in reality they see the Bible as obsolete record which "offers no understanding of the aims of g‑d's work" according to their website. [1] [2] [3]

4 In the movie, the wording 'I accept almighty g‑d's [Yang's] works of the last days. I will read his words thoroughly, and I will follow him.' constitutes a 'salvation'. [1]

5 They deny the Trinity and the redemptive work of CHRISTOS on the cross. [1] [2]

6 They speak evil of their Chinese government, in contradiction to Exo 22:27 and Act 23:5. [1] [2] [3]

7 All other Christian denominations have in their 'conclusion' lost the HOLY SPIRIT and His power is now concentrated in their church alone ... [1]

Branch of Protestantism that identifies primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, who reformed the theology & practices of the RCC.

1 Today's representation of Lutheranism / Calvinism as 'Reformation theology' that supposedly revived true Christianity is grossly inaccurate. Lutheranism never meant to go back to the Early Christianity of the Apostles, but it meant to go back to the early Roman Catholic Church (legalized by Constantine in 313 AD; Augustine soon later provided most of its doctrines). Luther was an Augustinian by training, and he continued to practice many of the core tenets of that version of Catholicism after his excommunication and until his deathbed. Little has changed to this day - this religion is still close to Catholicism and most Lutheran bodies have made efforts in the recent years to mend the 'breach' with the RCC. [1] [2] [3]

2 Their foundational document, the Augsburg Confession still viewed the Roman Catholic Church as the true Church, and those signing it claimed to be true Catholics. Several times that document refers to the steadfastness of the preparers' traditional Catholic faith, particularly in their stand for the real presence of CHRISTOS in the Eucharist (still accepted by Lutherans today) and for the regenerative power of infant baptism in opposition to the 'heretical Anabaptists'. Millions of Lutherans (and Calvinists) around the world remain under the deadly delusion that their baptism as infants made them children of THEOS fit for Heaven. [1]

3 Lutherans often adhere to 'divine' monergism, the teaching that salvation is by THEOS' act alone, and therefore reject the idea that humans in their fallen state have a free will concerning spiritual matters. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

4 Lutheranism is the antithesis of 'Sola Scriptura'. While it pretends that the Bible is the sole source of religious authority, a strict application of Lutheranism would require to add 11 (!) Deuterocanonicals to the Bible and to even remove Hebrews, James, Jude and Revelation from the Christian Canon (Lutheranism is at odds with the book of James as admitted by its founder, who disparaged the book)!

While Catholicism never added more than the 7 books which Pope Damasus and Augustine legalized (in great error), Luther (and most other Reformers) actually went beyond their Augustinian tradition and even increased this number to 11-14 books.

In nearly all discussions, we hear the unreflected argument that e.g. Luther separated those books, what usually silences the listeners. But even the Roman Catholic Church made a distinction between the Apocrypha and the other books of the Bible prior to the Protestant Reformation, a fact usually ignored. Most importantly, we rarely reflect on what THEOS actually thinks about the matter - if He would be impressed by such arguments. The very probable reality is, that it is entirely irrelevant in THEOS' eyes if those books are in a separate section or merged. Everyone will be held responsible at the Great Judgment who added any word in between the 2 covers of His Word. THEOS will not be impressed by human reasoning and excuses. [1] [2]

Gnostic sect founded by the prophet Mani (a name meaning 'King of Light' or 'Shining One'); the main opponent to early Christianity before the spread of Islam.

1 Manichaeism was known back then as the pinnacle of Gnosticism and was even used as synonym of heresy. [1] [2] [3]

2 Mani's teaching was intended to 'combine', succeed, and surpass the teachings of Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Marcionism, Hellenistic and Rabbinic Judaism and other religions and mystery cults. It reveres Mani as the final prophet after / the reincarnation of Zoroaster, the Buddha, and IESOUS. [1] [2]

3 His organized followers were divided into the elite of the 'chosen ones' (Latin electi), from which the officials were recruited, and the ordinary members of the community, the 'hearers' (auditores) and the 'sinners'. Augustine of Hippo was such a 'hearer'. [1] [2] [3]

4 "The hearers go on their knees before the elect, humbly begging the imposition of their hands. They join them in adoring and praying to the sun and the moon [...] they deny Christ's birth of a virgin and say that his flesh was not true flesh [...] they speak evil of the patriarchs and the prophets. They say that the law of Moses ... was not given by the true G‑d, but by the prince of darkness." [1] [2]

5 According to Mani, the unfolding of the universe took place with three creations. [1]

Methodism originated as a revival movement within Anglicanism originating out of the Church of England in the 18th century, and became a separate denomination after John Wesley's death.

1 The United Methodist Church was a founding member of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice, a pro-abortion group. [1]

2 The United Methodist Church ordains women pastors. [1] [2]

3 The United Methodist Church and other Methodists have extra biblical bishops which are above elders and pastors. This is the same abuse as seen in the Catholic Church, to a de facto position of a bishop as the head of the church instead of CHRISTOS, and to open an office which does not exist. [1] [2]

4 A Methodist was the key figure for the removal of head coverings. Adam Clarke's false claim, one very often repeated today - is that only prostitutes went around in public without a veil. [1]

5 Very strong influence on the creation and the rise of Pentecostalism. They heavily contributed to, some say 'sponsored' the Azusa Street Revival which spread Pentecostalism far and wide. Less than 10 years earlier, Wesley Chapel Methodist first introduced tithing in the US in 1895 AD, which was the very basis for the spread of the Prosperity G-spel and thus Pentecostalism which was developed simultaneously through mostly the same actors. Oral Roberts, a very key figure in both movements, returned at the height of his 'success' to the church of his youth, the United Methodist Church. [1] [2] [3]

6 John Wesley, the principal leader of early Methodism, wrote the heretical and idolatrous hymn 'Hark! The Herald Angels Sing', which contains a conflation of the 'Sun' and 'Son' and includes the following: "Hail the Sun of Righteousness! Light and life to all He brings, Risen with healing in His wings." The hymn was later changed to 'Son of Righteousness'. [1] [2]

7 Strong proponents of infant baptism, which is practised in most Methodist churches. [1]

1 [Founded in 1820 AD by Joseph Smith] He received 'a personal visit from 'G-d the Father and Jesus Christ'. [1]

2 They claim that THEOS "has not always been the Supreme Being of the universe, but attained that status through righteous living and persistent effort." Rejection of the Trinity. [1] [2] [3] [4]

3 Believe that there are other gods and goddesses outside the Trinity, such as a heavenly mother. [1] [2]

4 Joseph Smith's father was a master mason. Joseph officially joined the Freemasons in 1842 (22 after founding the church). Soon after he became a Mason, Joseph introduced the temple endowment. There are some similarities between Masonic ceremonies and the endowment. [1] [2] [3]

5 In the same year 1942, several prominent LDS became Freemasons and founded a Masonic Lodge in Nauvoo, Illinois. Over 1500 members of the church were listed as freemasons in the city of Nauvoo alone at that time. At least the first 4 presidents of the LDS Church were confirmed Freemasons:Joseph Smith Jr, Brigham Young, John Taylor, Wilford Woodruff. [1]

6 They claim that the US is 'the Biblically Promised Land'. [1]

7 Mormons are taught that they are from the tribe of Manasseh or Ephraim and part of the true Israel (Melchizedek priesthood). [1] [2] [3]

8 Their leaders can 'speak scripture when moved upon by the Holy Ghost'. They added the Book of Mormon to the Bible. Joseph Smith fabricated a translation of a 'Book of Abraham', which was revealed to be false after the papyri had been found in 1967. [1] [2] [3]

9 The Bible is just one of their books of scripture, and is probably seen as the least valuable amongst their collection.

10 Teaches doctrines of eternal marriage ('Temple Marriage Sealing', a man will continue to have sex with his wives in heaven); eternal progression; blood atonement; baptism for the dead (they do genealogies on dead people and re-baptize themselves several times during a ceremony in order to 'save' those dead people); return of some of the dead as spirits or angels; polygamy / plural marriage (had been prohibited in the US but they continued in secret and even actively asked leaders with only one wife to marry other women). [1] [2] [3] [4]

11 All other Christian churches 'are an abomination'; the LDS church is the 'only true church on earth'; the Christian church was lost until it was restored to the prophet Joseph Smith ... [1] [2] [3] [4]

12 Promise of exaltation: if the Mormon is judged worthy enough (temple rituals et al.), he/she can attain godhood. IESOUS is their eyes just a bit more advanced on his way to 'g‑dhead'. [1] [2] [3] [4]

13 Each Mormon has to prove every year that they paid the full tithes and offerings. Mormons call tithing their 'fire insurance'. Even children have to do e.g. delivery boy's jobs and meet with their Mormon leader and share tithes with them. [1] [2] [3] [4]

14 They lower the biblical age of accountability from 20 to 8 years and baptize children at that age.

15 They use water for communion. [1] [2]

16 Systematic racism, claim that black skin is a curse. Being black is being under the curse of Cain ... Smith and his successor Young both referred to this as a justification for slavery. [1] [2] [3]

17 Their churches ('temples') can only be visited with a 'Temple Recommend'. Even marriages conducted in a Mormon Church do exclude non-Mormon relatives. [1] [2]

18 They teach murder and a second adultery to be unforgivable sins, which clearly contradicts Scripture. [1]

19 Endowment is a two-part ordinance (ceremony) designed for Mormons to become kings, queens, priests, and priestesses in the afterlife. [1] [2] [3]

20 Mormon missionaries are only allowed twice a year to phone relatives and are not even allowed to visit the funeral of a parent. Once a week they are allowed to write handwritten letters. [1]

21 In Utah, the land of the Latter-day 'saints', there are more people on welfare than in any other state according to the population, and the divorce rate is among the highest. [1]

22 In 2022, Utah influencer Taylor Frankie Paul went viral for revealing that she and her husband had been "soft-swinging" with other Mormon couples. The -reality- series 'The Secret Lives of Mormon Wives' begins months later as Taylor and her group of influencer friends, dubbed 'MomTok', deal with the fallout of the scandal.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, had already distanced itself from 'The Secret Lives of Mormon Wives' before the first season was released. One comment stated that the lives of its congregants and their beliefs were not portrayed fully and truthfully in "a number of recent productions". On the Internet, however, (former) Mormons asserted how incredibly representative the show was. [1] [2]

Doctrinal and jurisdictional group historically linked to the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium; its adherents live mainly in the Balkans, the Middle East, and former Soviet countries.

1 Their calendar includes 112 different fasts (!!!) during one calendar year, with each fast lasting from 1 to several days.

2 The Virgin Mary is venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church as the G‑d-bearer and honoured in devotions; heretical doctrine of the perpetual virginity. Common designations used are 'Theotokos' (Mother of G‑d), Queen of heaven (Reg*na Ca*li) and Panagia (All-holy, or Most holy). [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

3 Use of many extrabiblical methods and traditions, such as the Hieratikon (the priest's service book used for Divine Liturgy, Vespers, Mattins, choir's handbooks, the Euchologion (services of Baptism, Marriage, Supplicatory Canons, Blessing of waters), peoples handbook (for laity) et al. [1]

4 Use of the Deuterocanonicals (Apocrypha). [1]

5 They consider church tradition and Scripture of equal authority, and discourage individuals from interpreting the Bible apart from tradition. [1] [2]

6 Prayers for the dead. [1] [2]

7 They teach the possibility of receiving salvation after death. [1]

8 The Orthodox church allows generally 3 divorces and the respective remarriages upon penance. It is said that the church blesses the first marriage, performs the second, tolerates the third, and forbids the fourth. Also contrary to the Bible, widowed 'priests' are not allowed to remarry. This results in plain legalism - raising the bar for elders while significantly lowering the bar for 'believers'. [1] [2]

9 They teach 'Apostolic Succession', but have big gaps in their records. [1]

10 They hold Augustine (see separate discernment), who was rather an anti-Christ than a saint, precisely as an official saint ('Blessed Augustine')in their religion. [1]

11 They oppose the biblical example of believer's baptism by endorsing infant baptism. [1]

A Protestant denomination which is intertwined with the Methodist church and the Roman Catholic church, and which has adapted several tenets from Mormonism.

It emphasizes a post-salvation experience known as 'the baptism in the holy spirit'. This baptism in turn is evidenced by the reception of 'the charismata' or supernatural gifts that are indeed given by the HOLY SPIRIT to whomever He pleases, in whatever degree He pleases (see study). But Pentecostalism grossly overemphasizes and often abuses the gifts of Healing, Prophecy and Speaking in Tongues, and adds mainly in Africa the office of an Apostle based on a questionable extension of the gift of Apostleship. Other gifts which are less impressive are usually not desired, and gifts such as discernment, exhortation or wisdom are virtually not found there and often despised. [1]

Timeline of Pentecostalism and Related Events

[1830 AD] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, also known as the Mormon Church, introduced the 'Baptism of Fire and of the holy ghost', which they call 'Confirmation', a practise which would later be adopted in a very similar form by Pentecostalism (also by the laying on of hands; also often wrongly considered a sort of sacrament of initiation). Mormon scriptures badly confuse the meaning of 'baptism of fire', see Doctrine and Covenants 20:41; 33:11 and 39:6. [1] [2]

[1832 AD] The Catholic Apostolic Church in London (CAC; a name first adopted in Jan 1849, previously called the 'Irvingites') was financed and presided by Henry Drummond (1786-1860; England; see separate discernment - he was unquestionably a Freemason) and spiritually founded by Edward Irving (1792-1834; Scottish). 

A closed group called the 'Albury Circle' met since 1826 at the Albury estate of Drummond (near London; the breeding ground and so-to-say 'Mother Church of the CAC and of Pentecostalism'), where also all their Apostles are buried. The main theological input at those meetings came from Irving (- thus Irvingism - they also likened him as their forerunner to John the Baptist). 

This circle extended to 7 churches and 45 members in 1832, 200 members in 1834, to 60 locations in the UK in 1836, and to 938 worldwide locations in 1901 (349x UK, 348x Germany where many ministers and theological writings came from, 59x Denmark, 29x US et al.).

Irving had possibly an affinity to the black arts, and his mentor Samuel Taylor Coleridge and his friend Thomas Carlyle's influences led him into metaphysical speculations, to (Catholic / German) Mysticism and Transcendental Poetry, specifically to ideas of Meister Eckhardt (RCC priest). While initially highly regarded, he began in 1825 to take on the role as a self-assumed apocalyptic prophet, after he was heavily influenced by the Calvinist lawyer Hatley Frere and the Jesuit priest Manuel Lacunza (1731-1801; Drummond introduced Irving to this work), learned from them about conjectural prophecy / Zionism / the Roman Catholic doctrine of the 'Imminent Return of Christ' (which is consequently still prevalent in Pentecostalism today; see below) and even translated Lacunza's heretical works while adding 138 own pages of a 'Preliminary Discourse' (in summer 1826 - Jan 1827; most probably with helpers from Drummond, because he hardly learned Spanish and translated ~500 pages in half a year). But his main problem and the possible reason why THEOS so-to-say 'handed him over to satan', was Irving's Calvinism (Presbyterian), his strong reliance on imagination in his sermons and his consideration of the Bible as one of many sources for sanctification, while turning himself into a mystical philosopher.

In the year 1830, two women in West Scotland (Port Glasgow) would change the history of the church for the bad. Mary Campbell (in her 20s) would speak on her sick bed for 1 hour in 'tongues' without interpretation (March 1830), and her friend Margaret MacDonald (age 15) had also on her sick bed a 2-3 hour 'baptism in the spirit' and a demonic vision of a 'Pre-Tribulational Rapture'. Those two women were of an area and related to a church, where Irving's close friends Robert Story and John Macleod Campbell were ministers and where in the preceding 3 years had been an active exchange of ministers being trained at Albury, and Irving and those ministers had preached in turn up north. 

Therefore, those events caused great enthusiasm amongst his followers (called 'Irvingians or Irvingites') and they adopted the unprecedented 'Pre-Tribulational Rapture' doctrine (already developed since 1828 in a tract by Drummond, called 'The Lord is at Hand'), which has since infiltrated the worldwide church tremendously. The famous John Nelson Darby, who attended the Albury Circle and was mentored by Edward Irving since 1827 (!), played then another decisive role in the formulation and propagation of this dispensational doctrine, which had its origin not only in Margaret MacDonald, but in parts also in the same Manuel Lacunza whose works Edward Irving had not only translated 4 years earlier, but now even used those at Albury as a guide to outline the conference sessions. In simple words for the layman - the false doctrine that followers of CHRISTOS will be raptured / whisked away -before- the Great Tribulation, did originate in between 1828-30 - primarily facilitated through the Albury Circle and Edward Irving and further developed by Darby thereafter. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

In the year 1831 following the events in Port Glasgow, both Irving's home and his Presbyterian congregation became the scene of extraordinary psychic / eccentric manifestations and the Irvingites were 'seized' with the gift of speaking in 'tongues' (which some admitted to have faked so as to encourage Irving), prophesied and effected cures. Irving used phrases such as 'when I work miracles ...', and was even criticized by close friends who considered his manfestations as 'gibberish / symptoms of madness / of demonic activity / of the devil's work'. 

He was soon excommunicated and locked out of his church (Apr 1832), and formed with about half of the former congregation (approx. 800) his Catholic Apostolic Church down the street, while continue meeting with the inner circle at Albury, where also shrieks and shaking were reported next to strange tongues.

This new church was mainly made up of Anglicans, Presbyterians, Methodists and also Roman Catholics, taught the real presence of CHRISTOS in the Eucharist (Consubstantiation), endorsed the Apocrypha through Irving and Drummond (main financier; leader until Irving was formally reordained as its chief pastor and 'Angel' in 1834 but would die that same year; apostle; active as lieutenant-colonel long before, during and after the church plant!!!; member of parliament; well known for his scathing attacks on political economists; author), and taught "the restoration of the prophetic gifts to the universal church". They set up 7 churches in London corresponding to Revelation and appointed 12 Apostles with Europe-wide jurisdictions (Nov 1832), who were in their opinion divinely ordained to prepare the Imminent Second Coming, which Irving falsely prophesied for 1864 (while the 1828 Albury Circle stated the year 1847). 

They believed that while the original 12 apostles were foundational, a 13th apostle was necessary for the fullness of the church. This role was filled by various individuals in different locations, including the US (soft pointer to Dowie; see below). In 1847, those 12 Apostles sealed the first 1000 believers in England to be supposedly part of the 144000 in Revelation. 

The New Apostolic Church would later emerge from the CAC and disolve their restriction of 12 Apostles (see 1863 schism below).

>> Connector to John Alexander Dowie (Pentecostalism in the US):

Irving spent a total of 9 years at Edinburgh, and was once again sent there to preach in the year 1834, when the Catholic Apostolic Church set up its first branch in Edinburgh (1834 at Magdalene Chapel - 1836 at Bristo Place - 1872 at Mansfield Place). 

This precise assembly would after the death of Irving and Drummond strongly influence John Alexander Dowie (also Scottish, a native of Edinburgh) during his studies at the Free Church College in Edinburgh in 1869 (see map, 500m distance to the CAC; on the corner of the university where he mainly studied), to become a faith healer in Australia, and later 'tour' with great success through the US and create a new church near Chicago. 

This '(Christian) Catholic Apostolic Church' (see 1893 AD below) would not only 

a) use a name nearly eponymous to the 'Catholic Apostolic Church' in London, but Dowie would

b) even name its location and the new city 'Zion City' in continuation of Irving's vision of Zionism (Irving's church was associated with the 'London Jew's Society; Dowie also admired Mormonism which is strong in Zionism while Irving endorsed Mormonism with some critical observations), and in addition 

c) call himself also an Apostle, although not the 13th Apostle, but the 'First Apostle' (in 1904 - 3 years after the last of the 12 Apostles in the UK had died.

d) Both ministries acted in the 'spirit of Elijah', so as to fulfil a prophetic role preparing the way for CHRISTOS' return and as precursor to the restoration of the apostolate. Dowie even called himself 'Elijah the Restorer'.

Removing any remaining doubt about the connection - Dowie called Irving his "predecessor" and stated that "a greater and mightier man of G-d never stood upon the earth". [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23]

[1838 AD] Mormons officially introduced the principle of tithing in the US. This was formalized after a previous revelation received by Joseph Smith, recorded in Doctrine and Covenants 119. Before this time, the words tithe and tithing as used in the church referred to any voluntary offering, regardless of the amount. [1]

[1863 AD] The New Apostolic Church (founded in Hamburg) was a schism from the Catholic Apostolic Church which opposed the restriction of 12 Apostles and currently counts 334 Apostles and 9 million members. 

This New Apostolic Church was most certainly name giver for the New Apostolic Reformation (a fact usually denied while claiming that the NAR is a very loose movement), indirectly affirmed by C. Peter Wagner himself in his 1998 book 'The New Apostolic Churches', where he over and over relates the NAR to specifically the 'New Apostolic Church' (this precise wording appears more than 20 times in this book with the same title!). [1] [2]

[1873 AD] The doctrine 'G‑d requires man to give Him a tenth of all money earned', appeared in the United States. It implied monetary tithes to the poor outside of the institutional church. [1]

[1888 AD] John Alexander Dowie copied the principle of Tithing upon his arrival to the US from the Mormons, whereof he would intend to become a member soon after. He initially demanded 10% from every member of his 'International Divine Healing Association' and continued this obligation through his 'Catholic Apostolic Church' in Zion. Furthermore, every inhabitant of Zion City had to tithe to Dowie. This practise made him not only incredibly rich, but would become indispensable for the rise of the Pentecostal church, which would bring forth the pioneers of the Prosperity G‑spel and in turn generate a 'successful' Pentecostal church which would spread far and wide. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

[1895] Wesley Chapel Methodist / Episcopal Church in Cincinnati now also adopted tithing - the first denomination outside the Mormon and Pentecostal church. [1]

[1893-96 AD] Creation of the direct forerunner of Pentecostalism, of the Christian Catholic Apostolic Church in Zion City (US, Chicago). 

Both this strictly ecumenical church (hence 'Catholic' - founded in 1896) erected as a Tabernacle opposite of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show so as to draw their crowds, and its extension as religious utopian community Zion City (built mainly from 1900-1906) were founded by the faith healer Dowie, who did not only enshrine the Flat Earth doctrine in Zion's religious code, but more villainously stated the church's goal as following: 

"Let me put it simply and plainly. The purpose of the Christian Catholic Church in Zion is to smash every other church in existence." Visiting preachers from other denominations were harassed and hounded out of Zion City by their 'city police'.

He founded this church after learning in early 1890 that he could not join the Mormons in Salt Lake City (which he considered the "most clearly scripturally organized of all churches") in his desired function as Apostle (he later became bitter against them and wanted to convert them with an 'army' of 3000 disciples and introduce the plural marriage to them). 

He later claimed to be the reincarnation of Elijah (1901) and even wore a special 'Elijah the Restorer' dress, while staging fake healings with carefully screened individuals / audience plants and using other dubious methods. Dowie did not only demand 10% tithes from all the residents of Zion City, but also defrauded several of his members financially through his own bank and a carefully-devised large scale securities fraud, and was sued successfully. Still, he lived as one of the richest men in North America in total luxury (mansion with 25 rooms) and even used a private train - analogous to the private jets today. His wife and children left him because of his advanced plans for a harem of 7 new wives, and after he turned to physical violence when his wife refused a divorce. His daughter died of burns after Dowie refused medical help. All drugs were "poison" and doctors "inspired by the devil".

Dowie did not only install cells all over the US, but also sent missionaries into all the world to plant Zionist churches, especially in South Africa (>15M members) where Pentecostalism is consequently very strong today. 

His Zion City brought forth problematic teachers such as Gordon Lindsay (Christ for the Nations), Jerry B. Jenkins ('Left Behind' series), John G. Lake (faith healer; African 'missionary' for Pentecostalism) ...

>> Connector to Charles Parham:

Charles Parham, who is today instead of Dowie the proclaimed founder of Pentecostalism [see 1901 AD], was prophesied by Dowie to be the upcoming 7th messenger of Revelation and preached at his church.

After Dowie's death in 1906, Parham staged a tent revival there (1907) in an attempt to take it over for his newly formed 'Apostolic Faith Movement'. He lost the bid of leadership to Wilbur Glenn Voliva (since 09/1905), but won the hearts of much of Dowie's vast following. After Parham's departure a group of several hundred 'Parhamites' remained in Zion, led by Thomas Hezmalhalch, a recent arrival from the Azusa Street Revival. But those followers were forced to flee within that same year, after it became known that Parham had been arrested for sodomy and pedophilia and chaos involving brutal exorcisms with at least two deaths had erupted. Many of those then raised money and 'fled' on a mission trip to South Africa, where they conveniently spread Pentecostalism, after the Calvinist Petrus LeRoux had laid the first Pentecostal seeds there in 1903 in collaboration with Dowie's church.

In the bigger picture, a splinter group of Dowie's former church consisting of well over 100 people would become influential leaders in Pentecostalism - in particular in the Assemblies of G‑d; and much of his following in the US, Australia, Europe, GB, New Zealand and South Africa affirmed the designation 'Pentecostal'. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]

[1895/96 AD] The 'Fire-Baptized Holiness Church' (Methodist; leader Benjamin Hardin Irwin) now also adopted the 'Baptism of Fire'. 

Irwin actually taught that there were additional 'baptisms of fire' he called baptisms of dynamite, lyddite, oxidite and selenite ... While preaching the strictest code, he lived a double life for many years, with habits of drinking, smoking and womanizing. He "would go from the pulpit to wallow with prostitutes for the rest of the night" using embezzled church planting funds, and remarried twice after repeated adultery. Still, he would influence Parham, and show up at the Azusa Street Revival and speak in tongues. Irwin later returned to his very first denomination (Baptist) and joined the Two-Seed-in-the-Spirit Predestinarian Baptists, a Hyper-Calvinist sect which opposed Christian missions and taught Double Predestination (to Hell & Heaven). [1] [2] [3] [4]

[1901 AD] Birth of Pentecostalism through its (co-) founder Charles Parham. 

A woman began at his Topeka 'revival' to speak in tongues and others including Parham followed suit. This woman, Agnes Ozman (later Agnes N. O. LaBerge), was also conducting Automatic Writing, the written and demonic form of speaking in tongues. The local press from Topeka called the writings "quaint and indistinguishable hieroglyphics". Ozman had previously also gone to Zion City, where Dowie had prayed for "her healing of chills and night sweats". [1] [2] [3] [4]

Parham was an ordained Methodist, left after a falling out with his elders, learned from Benjamin Irwin about the 'baptism of fire' and many other doctrines, denied the Trinity, denied eternal hell, taught that all humans before the flood had no souls, taught guaranteed physical healing although his son died two months after Topeka and his attendees were generally not healed, taught that the Bible forbids medicine and doctors, taught that special anointing was transferred by cloth radiation, taught that tongue-speakers would have a pre-rapture designated for them, had demonic visitations which scared him, called himself the angel of Rev 3:14 and the Elijah of Mal 4:5, associated often with the Ku Klux Klan, was arrested on a charge of sodomy, believed Anglo-Saxons to be Israelites and denied that black people could enter into Heaven. 

He was also influenced by the cult leader Frank Sandford, whose religious community (Shiloh) he visited for 6 weeks, intending to copy it for his Topeka Bible school. Sandford was convicted of manslaughter of at least one of his disciples. 

Parham also heavily borrowed from the Irving blueprint in the further development of Pentecostalism. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

[1906 AD - First Wave] The Methodist-sponsored 'Azusa Street Revival' (California) can be described as the springboard for Pentecostalism. 

Virtually all Pentecostal denominations trace their origins to this three-year-long revival. It was conducted with close to zero pastoral oversight and reported "miraculous healings, dancing, jumping, falling, trances, spirit slaying, gibberish 'tongues', jerking, hysteria, strange animal noises, laughter and spiritual muteness". The seekers would be seized "with a strange spell and commence a gibberish of sounds." Even the mentor of the revival's leader (William J. Seymour; born into a Roman Catholic family; he became blind in one eye 6 years after his 'conversion') later rejected the manifestations as being in the flesh and parted ways. This mentor was the (co-) founder of Pentecostalism himself - Parham. [1] [2]

[1946 AD - Second Wave] Beginning of the Charismatic Movement, wherein individuals or groups within various denominations adopted Pentecostal practices and beliefs. 

The Lutheran and Dutch Reformed minister Harald Bredesen was the first mainline minister who received the 'Baptism in the holy spirit', while still remaining within the Lutheran denomination (his resignation was refused to be accepted). He is often called the father of the charismatic movement. He was friends with Pat Robertson and founded with him the Christian Broadcasting Network (CBN), after having introduced him to the 'Baptism in the holy spirit'.

[1960 AD] Adoption of Pentecostalism through the Anglican church (St. Mark's Episcopal church in Van Nuys, US). [1]

[1975 AD] Creation of the Seven-Mountain-Mandate. 

The Presbyterian / Calvinist Francis Schaeffer was in his time at the L'Abri in the Swiss Alps one of the founders (together with Bill Bright from Campus Crusade & Loren Cunningham from YWAM), of what would later be termed the Seven Mountain Mandate (taking dominion of seven societal spheres of influence: 'Family, religion, education, media, art, economics, and government'), and further be popularized by the New Apostolic Reformation (NAR). [1] [2] [3] [4]

[1980s - Third Wave] Neo / Hyper-Charismatic movement. 

Strong emphasis on signs, wonders and miracles, with the addition of spiritual warfare and the creation of deliverance ministries, and specifically of Word of Faith (aka Positive Confessions, Law of Incubation, 'Name It and Claim It', or 'Say it, Do it, Receive it, and Tell it').

1 Rooted in the teachings of John Calvin and John Knox (Calvinism). D. James Kennedy has said, "I am a Presbyterian because I believe Presbyterianism is the purest form of Calvinism." The Scottish Reformer, John Knox, credited with founding the Presbyterian Church, spent several years in Geneva and brought Calvinism to Scotland and to the Presbyterian movement. [1] [2] [3] [4]

2 The idea of 'Dominion theology / Seven-Mountain-Mandate' surprisingly originated within Calvinism (specifically through the Presbyterians Bill Bright and Francis Schaeffer at the Swiss mountain chalet L'Abri). 

It is most commonly associated today with the New Apostolic Reformation, which are best represented by Bethel Church pastor Bill Johnson, who popularized this idea. 

Other mouthpieces of the Dominion theology are the Neo-Anabaptist James Davison Hunter in his book 'To Change the World' [see 2; he heavily references Nancy Pearcey], Lance Wallnau and the Neo-Calvinist Nancy Pearcey in her book 'Total Truth' (see review). [1] [2] [3] [4]

3 The founder of Jehova's Witnesses, Charles Russell, grew up as Presbyterian (Calvinist).

Mat 7:17-18 "so every good tree doth yield good fruits, but the bad tree doth yield evil fruits. A good tree is not able to yield evil fruits, nor a bad tree to yield good fruits." [1]

4 The founder of the Moonies, Sun Myung Moon (Unification Church), 'learned his craft' in the Presbyterian Church, wherein he was raised from the age of 10 to 26, until the church saw the consequences and hastily excommunicated him. [1] [2]

5 The founder of the Pentecostal church, Edward Irving, was also a Presbyterian (also excommunicated). He was heavily influenced by the Calvinist James Hatley Frere, the financier and the mastermind of the Pentecostal church, Henry Drummond, was working closely with Calvinists, and the very first Pentecostal church consisted of at least 800 Presbyterians (Irving's church in London; later called 'Catholic Apostolic church'). The Pentecostal church would later also absorb the Seven-Mountain Mandate and complete the vicious circle. [1]

6 The heretical 'Message Bible' was written by a team of Presbyterian scholars, consisting of Eugene Peterson, Moisés Silva ... (aside from other highly problematic denominations such as Episcopalians). Furthermore, the highly problematic 'Amplified Bible (AMP)', which added significantly to the Word of THEOS, was written by the Presbyterian Frances Siewert. [1] [2] [3]

7 They passed a resolution labeling Israel an 'apartheid' state. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

8 Known for its liberal stance on doctrine and its ordaining of women. [1] [2] [3]

9 The Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) welcomes g*y and l**bian persons to serve in leadership positions as ministers, deacons, elders, and trustees within the church. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

10 Presbyterian ministers include: Eugene Hoiland Peterson, R.C. Sproul, Timothy Keller. All are / were Calvinists. [1] [2] [3] [4]

Presbyterian Renewal Movement

11 Their evangelism program launched in the late 1980s was originally entitled 'New Age Dawning'. The name was subsequently softened to 'New Day Dawning'. The program, however, clearly reflects the New Age philosophy of "many paths to salvation". [1] [2] [3]

12 The New Age book 'Jesus Calling' was written by the Presbyterian teacher Sarah Young, who also expierienced a New Agey mystical moonlight conversion at L'Abri (see above), where she lived and studied, and first experienced the presence of a 'Sweet Jesus'. [1] [2] [3] [4]

13 Writing in Christian Life Magazine in 1984, Robert L. Wise, a well-known pastor and leader in the Presbyterian Renewal movement, explained a "new method of prayer therapy", which he said was "pioneered in the mid-1960s by the doyenne of Episcopal renewal theology, Agnes Sanford". Wise told what happened when he first visualized 'Jesus' during a 'Healing of the Memories' session: 

[...] Much to my amazement, I — an ordained Reformed clergyman with a doctorate in psychology — found this happening to me. An image of Jesus moved slowly toward me out of that dark playground. [...] The figure of 'Christ' reached over and lifted the bundle from my back. And he did so with such forcefulness that I literally sprang from the pew." [1] [2]

Protestants follow the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began in the 16th century with the goal of reforming the Roman Catholic Church. But the reform never went beyond the creation of the RCC and was limited to a different and generally more biblical expression of the RCC. 

Calvin never stated in any of his extensive writings to be born again. He credited his salvation with his infant baptism in the Roman Catholic Church.

Luther was an Augustinian by training, and he continued to practice many of the core tenets of that version of Catholicism after his excommunication and for the rest of his life. He did not want to leave the Catholic Church - he wanted to reform it (can Satan be reformed?). He even received the official last rite from an Augustinian when he was on his deathbed.

1 Use of manipulated Bible texts (Proto-Masoretic texts manipulated in <1% of its content and brought in by the Catholic Church through Pope Damasus and his secretary Jerome), although it is being affirmed by modern scholars that the Greek NT nearly always quotes from the Greek Old Testament. [1]

2 While most early teachers acknowledged a 5500 / 5000 BC creation date (1c. AD-Flavius Josephus, 158 BC-Eupolemus, 2c. AD-Hippolytus of Rome, 2c. AD-Theophilus of Antioch, 198 AD-Clement of Alexandria, 221 AD-Julius Africanus, 4c. AD-Eusebius of Caesarea, 4c. AD-John Chrysostom, 5c. AD-Augustine of Hippo, ~5-6c. AD Alexandrian World Chronicle, 7c. AD-Isaac the Syrian, ~1460 AD-Doukas ...), the Protestant church teaches today a 4000 BC creation date which hinders unbelievers to accept the Bible and rather pushes believers into the Evolutionist camp and to deny parts of the Bible. [1]

3 Significant contribution to the distorted picture of a CHRISTOS who came on the scene only after 5500 (4000) years and was neither involved in the creation, nor appeared multiple times as the Angel of KYRIOS. This notion has created an immense damage. Usually His eternity is pronounced, but He is treated as if He had absolutely no function until His First Coming. This is a tragic distortion of the Evangelium, which starts before Genesis and not with Matthew. 

Heb 1:1-3 "Long ago, at many times and in many ways, THEOS spoke to our fathers by the prophets, 2 but in these last days he has spoken to us by His SON, whom He appointed the heir of all things, through whom also He created the world." 

CHRISTOS has created this world, and this most important fact alone would make redundant much of the books written about Creationism vs. Evolution. We want to 'sell' an easy G‑spel without the 'tense' Old Testament, but to throw out CHRISTOS from the OT creates infinitely more damage.

4 After the Catholic church included in the 4c. AD the number of 7 Deuterocanonical Books, the Protestant & Reformed Church increased this number to 10-14 books in the 15th - 16th c. AD (some fully merged, some separate section, but always printed in the Bible and not as separate book). Today 'Sola Scriptura' is being preached, but there was never any formal admission of guilt nor apology from any of the involved denominations or from scholarship, and history is constantly being blurred and prone to repeat itself. [1]

5 Widespread rejection of Paul as the author of Hebrews, imitating the heretic Origen, who was among the very few in his time to reject his authorship (and the first to heavily push the OT Apocrypha). [1]

6 Heavy reliance on Jewish Mainstream for the correct interpretation of the Bible. [1]

7 Predominant application of Old Covenant law through the practise of tithing, instead of free-will giving. [1]

8 Widespread refusal to apply the Moral Law by disobeying the Weekly Sabbath. While Catholicism typically teaches the obedience of 6/10 commandments, Protestantism teaches typically a 9/10 obedience. In the same way the 1st commandment is not repeated in Exodus-style in the NT, so also the 4th commandment is not repeated in Exodus-style, but exemplified to great lengths through IESOUS, His disciples and apostles. At every imaginable possibility, the NT adds a remark that a certain activity happened or would happen on the Weekly Sabbath. An active example by a biblical authority (IESOUS) trumps an OT quotation. [1]

9 Baptism is widely considered to be symbolic only and optional for Future Salvation (while it can either accompany-, and only in some cases succeed a Past Salvation). This partial boycott of baptism stands in sharp contrast to Act 22:16 "And now, why do you delay? Having risen, baptize yourself, and wash away your sins, calling upon the name of KYRIOS". [1]

10 Very strong mentality against 'Works of Faith', one of several overreactions to the evil of the Roman Catholic church. 'Works of Faith' are nearly treated as 'Works of the Law' (no differentiation in most teachings) and 'Faith' is being separated from good works, although the Bible clearly intermeshes faith and good works. [1]

11 Widespread teaching of the highly unbiblical 'Once-Saved-Always-Saved' doctrine. The Good Message is cheapened for pagans through a rather 'Unconditional Security', while a 'Conditional Security' would much rather help believers to actively pursue the Faith.

Act 20:29-30 "I know that after my departure fierce wolves will come in among you, not sparing the flock; and from among your own selves will arise men speaking twisted things, to draw away the disciples after them." [1] [2]

12 Widespread legitimation of divorce and remarriage, while neglecting the biblical concept of chastity. [1]

An Adventist Protestant Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of the Weekly Sabbath (Saturday). 

1 Correct interpretation of the New Covenant law to obey the Weekly Sabbath (Saturday), but incorrectly making it a primary doctrine and applying the Jewish timing of sunset-sunset. In addition, they have more than 400 (!) rules related to the (Weekly) Sabbath (e.g. don't allow children to play, don't bathe, clean your shoes, seek pleasure, shave, swim, wash dishes ...). [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

2 SDA places restrictions on consuming meat, advocating vegetarianism. Kosher food laws. Rejection of cheese, butter, coffee, tea, caffeinated drinks, condiments and sweets. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

3 Ellen G. White has some degree of importance to every Adventist. She rejected the concept of eternal suffering in hell. Adventists then adopted this as a key tenet. She wrote that the characteristics of the animals that you ate would become your personal characteristics. She claimed to have experienced over 2000 visions, including being taken to Heaven multiple times, where she said she spoke directly with Jesus. By the time of her death, her writings totaled nearly 100000 pages, consisting of 24 published books, 5000 articles, and more than 200 informational pamphlets, according to the SDA church. She is considered by her followers to be a NT prophet and her writings do not only speak with 'prophetic authority', but are slightly more important for them than the Bible itself. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

4 Heretical teaching of incomplete atonement through CHRISTOS. [1] 

5 Members can only take the Lord's Supper on a quarterly basis, after Ellen White initially considered the Lord's Supper as a replacement of Passover and celebrated it annually. [1]

6 Ellen White taught that her followers should not visit a doctor. "If any among us are sick, let us not dishonor G‑d by applying to earthly physicians, but apply to the G‑d of Israel. If we follow his directions the sick will be healed ..." She reversed herself by 1860, writing, "in some cases the counsel of an earthly physician is very necessary." Later on, she went to see physicians quite regularly. The SDA Church later developed a substantial medical ministry that employed many physicians. [1]

7 Jehova's Witnesses (1970s) can be described as a branch off of Seventh-Day-Adventism (1863). [1]

On a personal note: Unfortunately, the existence of Seventh-Day-Adventism was and still is one of the biggest roadblocks for the acceptance of the Weekly Sabbath. Many Christians are very quick in speaking against the Weekly Sabbath, by declaring it a '7th Day Adventist spleen' and mentally or verbally throwing someone who does obey 10 out of 10 commandments into a box with Seven-Day-Adventists, a false dichotomy very often employed today by those who want to quickly intimidate and silence (either consciously or reflexively) those defending the biblical teaching.

The victory of the enemy is not only that he misled -tens of millions- into that false religion, the victory is much rather that he misled -hundreds of millions- into not following the Weekly Sabbath by creating the most distorted version of the Weekly Sabbath possible, where SDA's even surpass Pharisees in the number of 400+ extra-biblical rules. We can safely assume that much more believers than the SDA ever had members, would obey the Weekly Sabbath if the SDA would not exist.

Official name: Family Federation for World Peace and Unification

Other names:

• Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity (historical), Moonies, One World Crusade, Unification Movement, Unificationists, Universal Peace Federation.

Conferences:

• Rally Of Hope, Think Tank, World Christian Leadership Conference.

Schools:

• Unification Theological Seminary.

1 The founder of the Moonies, Sun Myung Moon, 'learned his craft' in the Presbyterian Church, wherein he was raised from the age 10 to 26, until the church saw the consequences and hastily excommunicated him. [1] [2]

2 Rev. Moon and his wife presented themselves as 'Messiahs', the 'True Parents' and the first to have children who were 'sinless'. Moon crowned himself the 'King of Peace' in 2004 and claimed to be the 'messiah' and 'savior' of the world; he also claimed that his wife is the 'holy spirit'. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

3 Members are asked to donate money to save their ancestors' souls. Teaches that dead people can return to earth for a second chance to atone for some of their sins. [1] [2]

4 Their 'theology' denies the Trinity. [1]

5 They deny that IESOUS was raised from the dead. [1]

6 Strong focus on Ecumenism, including Buddhism. [1] [2] [3] [4]

7 Worship with guns. Moonie involvement with bribery, bank fraud, illegal kickbacks, tax evasion and arms sales. [1] [2]

8 The former US president Nixon, the CIA and Republicans support(ed) the cult simply because of their opposition to communism. The cult helped propel both George H.W. Bush and George W. Bush into the presidency. [1] [2] [3] [4]

9 Donald Trump had a keynote speech at a Unification Church conference: "I want to thank the Universal Peace Federation and in particular Dr. Hak Ja Han Moon, a tremendous person, for her incredible work". [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

10 Intended sale of Trump's property 'Mar-a-Lago' to the Unification Church. [1]

11 Promoted by Paula White (Advisor of Trump), who directly preaches the 'Mother Moon and Han' theology and wants to bring the "only begotten daughter of g‑d to America". [2] [3]

12 Sun Myung Moon founded the Washington Times. [1] [2] [3]

13 The Moon family owns the Tongil Group which produces heavy military equipment. [1] [2] [3]